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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
+ z$ X* N) N8 G4 i/ g这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。: B& ^/ q1 b6 S
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。1 |9 H' f" n. P& @7 o
5 j# B; z" C, S) ?/ I8 e- A: u7 ?这为什么重要？" o f$ Q3 Z: C/ X" k
现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。3 N1 R3 V9 X, n1 F- ^; V
% w A" `3 P: f5 k. `2 W( c零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。
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; Z" F* O( i; g" S更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。3 M6 L3 k4 J7 _3 y
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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5 @# u k& C g$ u. J7 o' i( r安全、架构和全局
2 Q# g: ~3 F7 k! k7 C5 _根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。5 P) ]9 {. T0 L
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声明内容如下：% G ?) V+ W! D
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这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。- N& o! E9 w2 P& R
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最后想说的话
) R. ~( _, U& G. z+ ZEIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
0 p* l1 j) @2 a0 G- W! L$ t以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。0 d# I% @9 `9 j2 ]+ g+ V) v
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这波升级看着挺硬核，不过对普通节点来说是不是更省事儿了 |
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这升级看着挺带劲啊，zk证明要是真落地，节点验证岂不是能快成闪电？ |
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