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[虚拟币交流]
英国支持“无收益无损失”的去中心化金融(DeFi)税收计划(转)
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英国ZF正在制定一项新的税收框架,该框架将许多分散式金融借贷和流动性交易按“无收益、无损失”原则处理,将资本利得税推迟到实际发生经济处置时征收。咨询结果已发布2025 年 11 月 26 日,英国税务海关总署表示,正在制定规则,以便某些加密资产贷款和流动性池安排仅在代币真正处置时征税,而不是每次代币进出协议时都征税。此前的相关指导意见曾引发批评,因为用户仅仅因为将代币存入DeFi协议并在之后提取,即使最终取回的是相同的资产,也可能面临资本利得税。英国税务海关总署(HMRC)现在表示,他们正在研究一种新的方法,将这类“处置”视为无收益、无损失,并确认该模式可以扩展到自动做市商以及更传统的贷款机构。根据咨询文件中概述的内容,单一代币存款、加密贷款和多代币流动性池都将纳入该框架。税款将在用户实际出售或以经济方式处置代币时计算,而不是在每次技术性转让时计算。Aave首席执行官称结果对DeFi借款人来说是双赢Aave 创始人兼首席执行官 Stani Kulechov 在英国税务海关总署 (HMRC) 发布咨询摘要后重点介绍了这一变化。他在 X 网站上发帖称,用户将资产存入 Aave 时,该存款本身不会被视为资本利得税的处置,从而在存款时实现“无收益无损失”的处理方式。他将这一结论描述为一次重大胜利。英国去中心化金融用户希望以加密货币作为抵押品借入稳定币,他们认为借款人在锁定代币以获取流动性时,并非试图处置其资产。库列乔夫还表示,Aave Labs参与了此次磋商,旨在推动制定更符合协议使用经济实际情况的规则。英国税务海关总署的文件证实,他们已与业界进行了广泛沟通,受访者强烈支持放弃回购模式,转而采用“不盈利不亏损”原则。官员表示,他们将继续评估立法改革的必要性,并首先针对个人构建新的方案,然后再考虑是否将其推广至公司。CARF扩展计划将于2026年起全面实施英国用户报告与此同时,ZF正在收紧加密货币平台的报告规则。政策文件11 月 26 日发布的《加密资产报告框架》要求英国加密资产报告服务提供商从 2026 年 1 月 1 日起收集和报告英国居民客户的数据。由经合组织制定的加密货币交易数据框架(CARF)已为税务机关之间跨境加密货币交易数据交换奠定了基础。英国的新措施扩展了该系统,使英国税务海关总署(HMRC)能够接收所有使用境内外平台的英国纳税人的标准化结构化数据,包括完整的身份信息和交易记录。2025 年 6 月制定的附属立法使国内 CARF 规则于 2026 年初生效,首次国际数据交换计划于 2027 年进行。英国税务海关总署表示,其目标是在不改变基本税收义务本身的前提下,打击逃税行为并支持合规。如果采纳,递延资本利得的组合DeFi贷款从 2026 年起,流动性池和扩大 CARF 报告将重塑英国用户与借贷协议和交易所的互动方式:税收将更接近经济处置,而英国税务海关总署对链上和平台活动的可见性将大幅提高。( x! p0 u7 J2 m/ y7 N
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